There are 3 major types of exam gloves based on the material:

Latex Exam Gloves
Vinyl / Synthetic Exam Gloves
Nitrile Exam Gloves

In general, exam gloves are disposable intended for one time use. Disposable gloves were generally used to provide protection against biological or chemical hazards. However, since disposable gloves has become quite cheap over the years, disposable exam gloves can be feasibly used for everyday tasks.

In addition to the above mentioned exam gloves, there are a variety of specialty gloves healthcare facilities utilize:

Surgical Gloves